T. S. Eliot was born in St Louis, Missouri, USA, on September 26, 1888. He was the son of Henry Ware Eliot, a businessman and treasurer of the Brick 
Hydraulic-Press Company, and Charlotte Champe Steams, a social worker. Between 1898 and 1905, he attended Smith Academy, where he studied Latin, Ancient Greek, French, and German. During this time, he began writing his first poems.
He studied Philosophy at Harvard College, Philosophy at the Sorbonne, and upon returning to Harvard, he studied Indian Philosophy and Sanskrit. In 1914, he moved to England on a scholarship to Merton College, Oxford, where he dedicated himself to philosophical research.
The year 1915 was marked by the publication of his first significant poem, “The Love Song of John Alfred Prufrock” (A Canção de Amor 
de J. Alfred Prufrock), in the magazine Poetry, with the help of American poet and editor Ezra Pound. The poem, described as a “drama of literary anguish,” is a monologue of a frustrated urban man in his desires. It was considered shocking and offensive for a time when Gregorian Poetry prevailed, with its romantic derivations from the 19th century. In the same year, he married Vivienne Haigh-Wood, a young woman from London society.
T. S. Eliot began teaching but left academia to work at Lloyds Bank in London, as an assistant editor for Egoist, and other publications such as The Athenaeum, and even for periodicals specializing in banking politics and economics, like the Lloyds Bank Economic Review.
Still in 1917, he published his first volume of verses, “Prufrock and 
Other Observations,” where he gathered 12 poems. In 1920, he published “The Sacred Wood,” a collection that includes some of his best critical writings from his youth. In 1922, he published “The Waste Land” (A Terra Devastada), a long poetic description of post-war Europe. This work established him as one of the leading figures in English literature. In 1923, he became the director of the Faber & Faber publishing house.
In 1925, he published “The Hollow Men” (1925) (Os Homens Ocos). In 1927, he converted to Anglicanism and obtained British nationality. In 1930, he published “Ash Wednesday.” He wrote the plays: “The Rock” (1934) (O Rochedo), and “Murder in the Cathedral” (1935) (Assassinato na Catedral), among others. In 1948, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature.
T. S. Eliot passed away in London, England, on January 4, 1965.
Source: www.ebiografia.com by Dilva Frazão