As of February, Texas is facing its most significant measles outbreak in nearly three decades, with 146 confirmed cases since the end of January. This increase has resulted in one death—a school-aged unvaccinated child—and 20 hospitalizations.
The outbreak is primarily concentrated in the South Plains region, notably in Gaines County, which has one of the highest vaccination exemption rates in the state. Approximately 14% of children in the area have not received the mandatory measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine.
Measles is an extremely contagious airborne virus that poses particular danger to children under five years old. Without vaccination, 90% of people exposed to the virus are likely to become infected.
In response to the outbreak, health authorities are encouraging residents to get vaccinated with two doses of the MMR vaccine, which is highly effective in preventing measles.
This resurgence highlights the critical importance of maintaining high vaccination rates to prevent the spread of preventable diseases like measles.
Symptoms of Measles
The symptoms of measles typically appear 7 to 14 days after exposure to the virus. Symptoms usually develop in a specific order:
• Fever: Often starting 10 to 12 days after exposure, it is one of the first signs.
• Cough: A dry cough usually begins along with the fever.
• Runny nose: Similar to a cold, a runny nose is a common early symptom.
• Red, watery eyes (conjunctivitis): This is another early symptom that often accompanies fever and cough.
• Sore throat: A sore throat may also appear.
• Small white spots inside the mouth (Koplik spots): These are tiny spots with a blue-white center that appear inside the cheeks, usually 2-3 days after the onset of initial symptoms.
• Rash: A red, blotchy rash usually appears 3 to 5 days after the first symptoms. It often starts on the face and hairline and spreads downward to the neck, arms, and the rest of the body. The rash typically lasts about 5 to 6 days before fading.
If you or someone you know is showing signs of measles, especially in light of an outbreak, it is important to seek a healthcare professional immediately to confirm the diagnosis and prevent further spread.
Sources: AP and Axios